Engaging with journalists can be intimidating, especially when you're in a position that requires safeguarding sensitive information. The key to controlling what gets published lies in understanding the basic rules of journalism.

Understanding the Basics: On the Record vs. Off the Record

By default, every interaction you have with a journalist—whether it’s a conversation, a casual chat, or a written communication—is considered "on the record." This means anything you say is quotable and can be published, unless you explicitly request otherwise.

To protect sensitive information, you can ask to go "off the record" or speak "on background."

Off the Record: When you go "off the record," the journalist agrees not to use the information you provide in any form. This means no quotes, no mentions, and no publication of the details discussed. It’s crucial that both you and the journalist clearly agree on this before any off-the-record communication begins.

On Background: Speaking "on background" is a bit more nuanced. Generally, it means the information you share can be used in the story, but it won’t be directly attributed to you or quoted verbatim. The terms of what "on background" means should be explicitly agreed upon by both parties to avoid misunderstandings.

Remember: You're Always on the Record Until You Say Otherwise

Whether you’re in an interview, responding to questions, or even just chatting casually, you’re considered "on the record" until you specifically request to change the terms of the conversation.

For a deeper dive into journalistic terms and practices, check out our blog on journalist jargon.

Want to be better prepared? Book a media coaching session through our Learning Center to gain confidence and ensure your interactions with the press are handled with care.